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Narcolepsy
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Facts about Narcolepsy:
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by
overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep.
Rarely, people who have this disorder fall asleep suddenly, even
if they're in the middle of talking, eating, or another activity.
Most people who have narcolepsy also have trouble sleeping at night.
People with narcolepsy often find it difficult to stay awake for
long periods of time, regardless of the circumstances. Narcolepsy
can cause serious disruptions in your daily routine.
Some people mistakenly attribute symptoms of narcolepsy to
depression, seizure disorders, fainting, simple lack of sleep, or
other conditions that may cause abnormal sleep patterns.
Narcolepsy is a chronic condition that doesn't go away
completely. Although there's no cure for narcolepsy, medications and
lifestyle changes can help you manage the symptoms. And talking to
others — family, friends, employer, teachers — can help you cope
better with narcolepsy.
Sources:
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/nar/nar_what.html
Mayoclinic:
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/narcolepsy/ds00345
What are the causes of Narcolepsy?
The cause of narcolepsy is not known. Some experts think
narcolepsy may be due to a deficiency in the production of a
chemical called hypocretin by the brain. In addition, researchers
have discovered abnormalities in various parts of the brain involved
in regulating REM sleep. These abnormalities apparently contribute
to symptom development. According to experts, it is likely
narcolepsy involves multiple factors that interact to cause
neurological dysfunction and REM sleep disturbances.
Most people who have narcolepsy have low levels of hypocretin.
This is a chemical in the brain that helps control levels of
wakefulness. What causes these low hypocretin levels isn't well
understood.
Researchers think that certain factors may work together to cause
a lack of hypocretin. These factors may include:
· Heredity - Some people may
inherit a gene that affects hypocretin. Up to 10 percent of
people who have narcolepsy report having a relative with the
same symptoms.
· Infections
· Brain injuries due to conditions
such as brain tumors or strokes.
· Contact with toxins, such as
pesticides.
· Autoimmune disorders -
These are conditions in which the body's immune system
attacks the body's healthy cells. An example of an
autoimmune disorder is rheumatoid arthritis.
Heredity alone doesn't cause narcolepsy. You also must have at
least one other factor, such as one of those listed above, to
develop narcolepsy.
Sources:
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/nar/nar_causes.html
WebMD:
http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/narcolepsy
What are the symptoms of Narcolepsy?
The main narcolepsy symptoms are excessive daytime sleepiness
(with or without sudden sleep episodes) and abnormal REM sleep,
Several unusual symptoms of narcolepsy are related to abnormal REM
sleep, including hallucinations, sleep paralysis and cataplexy (loss
of muscle control). Cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle control) is the
sole unique symptom of narcolepsy.
Each person with narcolepsy may experience very different
symptoms and sometimes the only symptom they can report on is
extreme daytime tiredness, which may make it hard to diagnose
narcolepsy.
Other narcolepsy symptoms include:
· Excessive daytime sleepiness
(EDS): In general, EDS interferes with normal activities on
a daily basis, whether or not a person with narcolepsy has
sufficient sleep at night. People with EDS report mental
cloudiness, a lack of energy and concentration, memory
lapses, a depressed mood, and/or extreme exhaustion.
· Cataplexy: This symptom consists
of a sudden loss of muscle tone that leads to feelings of
weakness and a loss of voluntary muscle control. It can
cause symptoms ranging from slurred speech to total body
collapse depending on the muscles involved and is often
triggered by intense emotion, for example surprise,
laughter, or anger.
· Hallucinations: Usually, these
delusional experiences are vivid and frequently they are
frightening. The content is primarily visual, but any of the
other senses can be involved. These are called hypnagogic
hallucinations when accompanying sleep onset and hypnopompic
hallucinations when occurring during awakening.
· Sleep paralysis: This symptom
involves the temporary inability to move or speak while
falling asleep or waking up. These episodes are generally
brief lasting a few seconds to several minutes. After
episodes end, people rapidly recover their full capacity to
move and speak.
Sources:
HelpGuide.org:
http://www.helpguide.org/life/narcolepsy_symptom_causes_treatments.htm
WebMD:
http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/narcolepsy
What treatments are available for Narcolepsy?
There is no cure for narcolepsy, but medications and lifestyle
modifications can help you manage the symptoms. Medications include:
· Stimulants - Drugs that
stimulate the central nervous system are the primary
treatment to help people with narcolepsy stay awake during
the day. Modafinil (Provigil), a newer stimulant, isn't as
addictive and doesn't produce the highs and lows often
associated with older stimulants. Some people need treatment
with methylphenidate (Ritalin) or various amphetamines.
Although these medications are effective, they may cause
side effects, such as nervousness and heart palpitations,
and can be addictive.
· Antidepressants - Doctors
often prescribe antidepressant medications, which suppress
REM sleep, to help alleviate the symptoms of cataplexy,
hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis. These
medications include tricyclic antidepressants such as
protriptyline (Vivactil) and imipramine (Tofranil) and
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as
fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) and sertraline (Zoloft).
· Sodium oxybate (Xyrem) -
This medication controls cataplexy in people with
narcolepsy. Sodium oxybate helps to improve nighttime sleep,
which is often poor in narcolepsy. In high doses it may also
help control daytime sleepiness, even though you take it
only at night. However, because the use of this drug has
been associated with serious side effects, such as trouble
breathing during sleep, sleepwalking and bed-wetting, it's
strictly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
If you have other health problems, such as high blood pressure or
diabetes, ask your doctor how medications for existing conditions
may interact with those taken for narcolepsy.
Certain over-the-counter drugs, such as allergy and cold
medications, can cause drowsiness as a side effect. If you have
narcolepsy, your doctor will likely recommend that you avoid taking
these medications.
Medications to treat narcolepsy can help reduce your signs and
symptoms, but they can't alleviate them entirely. Lifestyle changes
also are an integral part of treating narcolepsy.
Sources:
HelpGuide.org:
http://www.helpguide.org/life/narcolepsy_symptom_causes_treatments.htm
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke:
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/narcolepsy/narcolepsy.htm
HerbaCall Narcolepsy Testimonials:
· Peggy Turnbough tells Herbacall, "I have
had narcolepsy since I was in high school, over 20 years ago. I was
diagnosed with it 8 months ago. They started to put me on all sorts
of medication. I had terrible side effects to all of them. Finally,
they ended up putting me on Ritalin. It seemed to help my daytime
sleepiness, however it totally changed my personality. I became very
edgy, angry and tense all the time. I couldn't take it any longer,
so I stopped taking it. I decided that being tired all time was
better than how the Ritalin affected me. I started the Herbalife
Ultimate Green Program
in May. WOW!!!! What a difference! It's like I don't even have
Narcolepsy. I now feel like I've wanted to feel my whole life. No
more naps! These products are truly amazing. Thank you. Thank you.”
· Want more information and more
Herbalife testimonials?
Visit
HerbaCall.com
for more detailed information on many health conditions, news, and
research links.
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