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Meniere's Disease
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Facts about Meniere's Disease:
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the flow of fluids of the
inner ear. Named after French physician Prosper Ménière who first
described the syndrome in 1861. Although the cause of Meniere's
disease is unknown, it probably results from an abnormality in the
way fluid of the inner ear is regulated. In most cases only one ear
is involved, but both ears may be affected in about 10% to 20% of
patients. Meniere's disease typically starts between the ages of 20
and 50 years of age (although it has been reported in nearly all age
groups).
Men and women are equally affected. The symptoms may be only a
minor nuisance, or can become disabling, especially if the attacks
of vertigo are severe, frequent, and occur without warning.
Meniere's disease is also called idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops.
Sources:
MedicineNet.com:
http://www.medicinenet.com/meniere_disease/article.htm
National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders:
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance/meniere.asp
What are the causes of Meniere's Disease?
The causes of Meniere's disease are associated with a change in
fluid volume within a portion of the inner ear known as the
labyrinth. The labyrinth has two parts: the bony labyrinth and the
membranous labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth, which is encased by
bone, is necessary for hearing and balance and is filled with a
fluid called endolymph. When your head moves, endolymph moves,
causing nerve receptors in the membranous labyrinth to send signals
to the brain about the body's motion. An increase in endolymph,
however, can cause the membranous labyrinth to balloon or dilate, a
condition known as endolymphatic hydrops.
For the most part, the underlying cause of Meniere's disease is
unknown. It is most often attributed to viral infections of the
inner ear, head injury, a hereditary predisposition, and allergy.
Meniere's disease can cause hair cell death, as well as mechanical
changes to the ear.
Many experts on Meniere's disease think that a rupture of the
membranous labyrinth allows the endolymph to mix with perilymph,
another inner ear fluid that occupies the space between the
membranous labyrinth and the bony inner ear. This mixing, scientists
believe, can cause the symptoms of Meniere's disease. Scientists are
investigating several possible causes of the disease, including
environmental factors, such as noise pollution and viral infections,
as well as biological factors.
Sources:
American Hearing Research Foundation:
http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/menieres/menieres.html
National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders:
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance/meniere.asp
What are the symptoms of Meniere's Disease?
The symptoms of Meniere's disease occur suddenly and can arise
daily or as infrequently as once a year. Vertigo, often the most
debilitating symptom of Meniere's disease. The symptoms of Meniere's
disease typically include at least several of the following:
Episodic rotational vertigo: Attacks of a spinning sensation
accompanied by disequilibrium (an off-balanced sensation), nausea,
and sometimes vomiting. This is usually the most troublesome
symptom. The vertigo usually last 20 minutes to two hours or even
longer. During attacks, patients are very disabled, and sleepiness
may follow. An off-balanced sensation may last for several days.
Tinnitus: A roaring, buzzing, machine-like, or ringing sound
in the ear. It may be episodic with an attack of vertigo or it may
be constant. Usually the tinnitus gets worse or will appear just
before the onset of the vertigo.
Hearing loss: It may be intermittent early in the onset of
the disease, but overtime it may become a fixed hearing loss. It may
involve all frequencies, but most commonly occurs in the lower
frequencies. Loud sounds may be uncomfortable and appear distorted
in the affected ear.
Ear fullness: Usually this full feeling occurs just before
the onset of an attack of vertigo.
Sources:
MedicineNet.com:
http://www.medicinenet.com/meniere_disease/article.htm
National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders:
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance/meniere.asp
What treatments are available for Meniere's Disease?
There is no cure for Meniere's disease, but a number of
strategies may help you manage some symptoms.
Medications for vertigo - Your doctor may prescribe
medications to be taken during an episode of vertigo to lessen the
severity of an attack:
Motion sickness medications, such as
meclizine (Antivert) or diazepam (Valium), may reduce the
spinning sensation of vertigo and help control nausea and
vomiting.
Anti-nausea medications, such as
prochlorperazine, may control nausea and vomiting during an
episode of vertigo.
Long-term medication use - Your doctor may prescribe a
medication to reduce fluid retention (diuretic), such as the drug
combination triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide (Dyazide, Maxzide).
Reducing the amount of fluid your body retains may help regulate the
fluid volume and pressure in your inner ear.
Dietary changes - Modifying your diet can reduce your body's
fluid retention and help decrease fluid in your inner ear.
Middle ear injections - Medications injected into the middle
ear, and then absorbed into the inner ear, may improve vertigo
symptoms:
Gentamicin, an antibiotic that's toxic
to your inner ear, reduces the balancing function of your ear,
and your other ear assumes responsibility for balance. The
procedure, which can be performed with local anesthesia in your
doctor's office, often reduces the frequency and severity of
vertigo attacks. There is a risk, however, of further hearing
loss.
Steroids, such as dexamethasone, also
may help control vertigo attacks in some people. This procedure
can also be performed with local anesthesia by your doctor.
Although dexamethasone injections may be slightly less
effective than gentamicin, dexamethasone is less likely
than gentamicin to cause further hearing loss.
Surgery - If vertigo attacks associated with Meniere's
disease are severe and debilitating and other treatments don't help,
surgery may be an option. Procedures may include:
Endolymphatic sac procedures. The
endolymphatic sac plays a role in regulating inner ear fluid
levels. These surgical procedures may alleviate vertigo by
decreasing fluid production or increasing fluid absorption.
Labyrinthectomy. With this procedure,
the surgeon removes a portion or all of the inner ear, thereby
removing both balance and hearing function from the affected
ear. This procedure is only performed if you already have
near-total or total hearing loss in your affected ear.
Vestibular nerve section. This
procedure involves cutting the nerve that connects balance and
movement sensors in your inner ear to the brain (vestibular
nerve). This procedure usually corrects problems with vertigo
while attempting to preserve hearing in the affected ear.
Rehabilitation - If you experience problems with your balance
between episodes of vertigo, you may benefit from vestibular
rehabilitation therapy. The goal of this therapy, which may include
exercises and activities that you perform during therapy sessions
and at home, is to help your body and brain regain the ability to
process balance information correctly.
Hearing aid - A hearing aid in the ear affected by Meniere's
disease may improve your hearing. Your doctor can refer you to an
audiologist to discuss what hearing aid options would be best for
you.
Sources:
National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders:
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance/meniere.asp
Mayoclinic:
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/menieres-disease/DS00535/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs
HerbaCall Meniere's Disease Testimonials:
· Schalk Lubbe tells Herbacall, "In 1999 I
was diagnosed with Meniere's Disease - a disease of the inner ear,
which causes symptoms much like Otitis Media (infections of the
middle ear), namely dizziness and nausea, sometimes leading to
vomiting...So, in September 1999, I started on the Herbalife
products, using mainly the shake (one per day), one
Tang Kuei
tablet per day, and the Thermo for energy. Subsequently, I also
started to take the NRG, but NRG is not caffeine free (and caffeine
is the one thing a Meniere's patient is advised to eliminate from
the diet), so I won't suggest that new Meniere's patients take it.
Well, the results were nothing short of stunning. During the first
half of 2000, I was only on sick leave (due to Meniere's) for three
days, and thereafter I have never been off work one single day as a
result of Meniere's!"
· Martha Roberts said proudly, "I have
suffered from Meniere's Syndrome for about 14 years now. The first
year was plagued with attacks of Vertigo at any given time up to 4
times per week. These attacks literally put me out of commission for
days at a time....The products I currently take for this condition
are:
Shapeworks,
Formula 1
- at least 1 shake per day, Multivitamin 3/day, Cell activator
6/day, Cell U Loss 3/day and
Tang Kuei
Plus 3/day...All in all - Herbalife has changed my whole life. While
none of my conditions are life threatening - they are definitely
life changing, but now I am free from them and the associated
stress. There's nothing like having to pull over to the side of the
road and trying to remain still (in a car with bucket seats, no
less) for an hour or two until your equilibrium is restored."
· Ody Deans said, "I've suffered from
Vertigo. I went to 7 different doctors, and the 7th one put me onto
a low-salt diet. When I asked why, his explanation was salt causes
water retention, which creates pressure on the middle ear. So I
lessened my salt intake, and I think with the help of
Herbalifeline,
Tang Kuei
and Herbal Complex, it seems to have worked for me so far."
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